Controlled Environment

Heat, light, water & air chemistry are all monitored and tightly controlled in our Aquaponic systems
in association with

Detail

Controlled Environment Agriculture (CEA) relies on a combination of technologies and components to create and maintain optimized growing conditions for plants within an enclosed environment. These components work together to control factors like temperature, humidity, light, nutrient delivery, and more. Here are the key components found in our CEA systems being developed:

Enclosed Structure

The physical structure, which in the lunar environment will require to be an indoor (and likely underground) facility, provides a controlled environment by shielding plants from external factors such as extreme temperatures and radiation, but also to deliver an environment that is highly conducive to growth.

Climate Control Systems

Climate control systems manage environmental conditions inside the CEA. These systems include:
Heating and Cooling: Maintain optimal temperature ranges for plant growth.Ventilation: Control airflow and air exchange to prevent temperature and humidity extremes and promote healthy gas exchange.Humidity Control: Regulate humidity levels to prevent plant stress and disease.

Lighting Systems

Depending on the location and natural light availability, supplemental lighting will be necessary to provide consistent and adequate light for plant photosynthesis. LEDs are commonly used due to their energy efficiency and ability to customize light spectra, depending upon the particular requirements of the plant species being grown.

Irrigation and Nutrient Delivery

CEA uses precise irrigation systems to deliver water and nutrients directly to plant roots. Techniques include drip irrigation, flood-and-drain systems, and nutrient film technique (NFT), ensuring optimal nutrient uptake. In hydroponic and aeroponic systems, a growing medium provides physical support for plants' roots while allowing for nutrient uptake. Common mediums include rock wool, coco coir, perlite, and vermiculite

Our Aquaponic Systems

Integrating horticulture (plant cultivation) and aquaculture (fish or aquatic organism farming) into a single operation is known as aquaponics. Aquaponics is a sustainable farming method that combines the benefits of both systems, creating a symbiotic relationship where plants and fish mutually support each other. Here's how we integrate horticulture and aquaculture into one operation using aquaponics:
1. System Components:
Fish Tank: In aquaponics, you start with a fish tank or a recirculating aquaculture system where fish are raised. The fish waste produces ammonia-rich water.
Grow Beds: The fish tank water, rich in ammonia, is circulated through grow beds filled with a growing medium (such as gravel or clay pebbles), where plants are cultivated. The grow beds act as biofilters, removing excess nutrients from the water.
Plumbing and Pumps: Pumps circulate water from the fish tank to the grow beds and back, creating a continuous cycle. Additional plumbing components control water flow and filtration.
2. Nutrient Cycling: Fish waste in the tank releases ammonia into the water. Beneficial bacteria in the grow beds convert ammonia into nitrites and then into nitrates—a form of nitrogen that plants can absorb as nutrients. The plants use these nutrients for growth, effectively filtering the water and reducing its ammonia content.
3. Plant Cultivation: A variety of plants can be grown using aquaponics, including leafy greens, herbs, fruits, and some root vegetables. The plants receive nutrients from the fish waste, and their roots also help filter the water before it's returned to the fish tank.
4. Fish Farming: The fish in the system provide the nutrients needed for plant growth. Common fish species used in aquaponics include tilapia, trout, catfish, and perch. The fish benefit from the purified water that has passed through the plant beds.
5. Benefits of Integration:
Water Conservation: Aquaponics uses significantly less water than traditional soil-based agriculture because water is recirculated within the closed system.
Nutrient Recycling: The system recycles nutrients naturally, reducing the need for synthetic fertilisers. Fish waste becomes a valuable resource for plant growth.
Space Efficiency: Aquaponics can be implemented in small spaces, making it suitable for urban or limited land areas.
Sustainability: By combining horticulture and aquaculture, aquaponics creates a balanced ecosystem that is more self-sustaining and less reliant on external inputs.
Challenges and Considerations:
System Balance: Maintaining the right balance between fish, plants, and bacteria is crucial for the system's success.
Monitoring: Regular monitoring of water quality, temperature, pH, and nutrient levels is essential to ensure optimal conditions for both plants and fish.
Initial Setup: Setting up an aquaponics system requires an investment in equipment, infrastructure, and knowledge.
Species Compatibility: We must choose fish and plants that thrive in similar environmental conditions.
Conclusion:
Aquaponics is an innovative way to integrate horticulture and aquaculture, creating a sustainable and efficient food production system. However, it requires careful planning, attention to detail, and a willingness to learn about the needs of both plants and fish to achieve successful integration.